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The Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulchre, or The Holy Community of the All-Holy Sepulchre, is the Orthodox monastic fraternity that for centuries has guarded and protected the Christian Holy places in the Holy Land. A ''sepulchre'' is a burial chamber and in this case ''Holy Sepulchre'' refers to the burial chamber of Jesus, believed to be in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. The Brotherhood also administers the Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem. The Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem is the chief, president, governor, and hegumen of the Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulchre and is commemorated as “Our Father and Lord, the Most Holy Beatitude, Patriarch of the Holy City of Jerusalem and of all Palestine.” Members of the Brotherhood are the administrative officers of the Patriarchate; and the metropolitans, archbishops, bishops, archimandrites, hieromonks, hierodeacons, and monks of the Patriarchate of Jerusalem are members of the Brotherhood. The Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulchre was traditionally founded in 313 (which corresponds with the Edict of Milan and legalization of Christianity in the Roman Empire) and the foundation of the Churches in the Holy Land by Constantine and St Helen, which is traditionally dated to 326. At first, it bore the name "Order of the Spoudaeoi (studious, zealous, industrious, serious)," or "The Spoudaeoi of the Holy Resurrection of Christ." The Brotherhood consisted of the ordained clergy charged with the care and preservation of the ''Holy Sepulchre'' and other holy places in Jerusalem. They were distinguished primarily for their observance of uninterrupted mental prayer and heartfelt supplication. At the same time, the ''Members of the Brotherhood'' were renowned for their virtuous and diligent ascetic life. According to findings of contemporary researchers, they were living ascetic lives before 326 and were organized as an Order during the visit of St Helen to the Holy City. St Cyril of Jerusalem makes mention of them. ==Holy places== The Holy places that the Brotherhood has preserved over the centuries include: the Holy Sepulchre; the Dreadful Golgotha; the site where St Helen discovered the Precious Cross (these three are within the Church of the Holy Sepulchre); the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem; the Tomb of the Mother of God in Gethsemane; the Pool of Siloam; Mount Tabor; the site of Christ’s baptism in the River Jordan; Nazareth, the city of the Annunciation; the Sea of Galilee (also known as the Lake of Gennesaret, and the Sea of Tiberius); the Mount of Olives, the site of Christ’s Ascension; Cana; Bethesda; Capernaum, a city of Galilee; the Tomb of Lazarus in Bethany; and Jacob's Well in Nablus. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulchre」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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